菲岛福木

学名 : Garcinia subelliptica Merr.
英文名 : Common Garcinia, Fukugi, Happy Tree
中文名 : 菲岛福木
科名 : 山竹子科
本地分布状态 : 外来物种

植物趣闻

原产地	日本琉球群岛、菲律宾、印尼、斯里兰卡、台湾。
生态	菲岛福木为沿岸植物，生于沿岸疏林。 捲叶蛾科的飞蛾Heleanna fukugi Nasu, 1999 之幼虫以菲岛福木的叶为食物。琉球狐蝠Pteropus dasymallus (Temminck, 1825) 亦会食用其果实。
应用	菲岛福木具深而广的直根系，抗风耐盐，在琉球群岛及中国均用作防风林树种，以抵挡台风及怒潮侵袭。 菲岛福木在琉球群岛有近三百年的栽培历史，当地人因应风水概念种植成林带及树丛。本种的叶厚革质，不易燃烧，故用作防火林。此外，其树皮为黄色染料，可染布帛，如冲绳的红型。 近年有科学研究发现菲岛福木具有抗癌、消炎及杀菌等的药理功能。 本种树冠呈圆锥形，叶片终年翠绿，外型美观，近年在香港广泛栽种成绿化及行道树。
名字由来	本种的日文名「Fukugi」有「快乐之树」的意思，祈求人与自然和谐相处，福木为「Fukugi」之中文意译；因本种亦产于菲律宾，而得名「菲岛福木」。

辨认特徵

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备註

上述学名根据香港植物标本室网页：https://www.herbarium.gov.hk/sc/hk-plant-database/plant-detail/index.html?pType=species&oID=8444

其他资料库引用的学名
― 《中国植物志》英文版：Garcinia subelliptica Merrill
― 《世界植物线上》：Garcinia subelliptica Merr.

参考资料

• Abe, F., Nagafuji, S., Okabe, H., Higo, H. & Akahane, H. (2003). Trypanocidal constituents in plants 2. Xanthones from the stem bark of Garcinia subelliptica. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 26, 1730–1733. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.easyaccess2.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/14646180/
• Chen, B. & Nakama, Y. (2011). Distribution of Fukugi (Garcinia subelliptica) trees as landscaping trees in traditional villages in Ryukyu Islands in Japan. Pacific Agriculture and Natural Resources, 3, 14–22. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285142999_Distribution_of_Fukugi_Garcinia_subelliptica_trees_as_landscaping_trees_in_traditional_villages_in_Ryukyu_Islands_in_Japan
• Chen, B., Nakama, Y. & Takakazu, U. (2014). Planted forest and diverse cultures in ecological village planning: A case study in Tarama Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Small Scale Forest, 13, 333–347. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://link-springer-com.easyaccess2.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/article/10.1007/s11842-013-9257-z
• Cho, Y. C. & Cho, S. (2016). c-Jun N-terminal kinase-mediated anti-inflammatory effects of Garcinia subelliptica in macrophages. Molecular Medicine Report, 13(3), 2293–2300. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.easyaccess2.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/26781201/
• eFloras. (2008). Garcinia subelliptica Merrill. Flora of China. [Online Edition]. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Retrieved 4^th June 2020, from: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200014186
• Iinuma, M., Tosa, H., Tanaka, T., Kanamaru, S., Asai, F., Kobayashi, Y. et al. (1996). Antibacterial activity of some Garcinia benzophenone derivatives against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 19(2), 311–314. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.easyaccess2.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/8850331/
• Inoue, T., Kainuma, M., Baba, K., Oshiro, N., Kimura, N. & Chan, E. W. C. (2017). Garcinia subelliptica Merr. (Fukugi): A multipurpose coastal tree with promising medicinal properties. Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 6(1), 121. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://www.bibliomed.org/mnsfulltext/55/55-1476405747.pdf?1594016132
• Merrill, E. D. (1908). The Philippine Species of Garcinia. The Philippine Journal of Science. The Bureau of Science of the Government of the Philippine Islands. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/673556#page/403/mode/1up
• Nasu, Y. (1999). A new species of Heleanna (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) injurious to Garcinia subelliptica (Guttiferae) in the Ryukyus, Japan. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 34(1), 105–111. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/aez1966/34/1/34_1_105/_article/-char/ja/
• National Parks Board, Government of Singapore. (2020). Garcinia subelliptica. National Parks Flora & Fauna Web. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/flora/2/9/2930
• Vincenot, C. E., Koyama L. & Russo, D. (2015). Near threatened? First report of unsuspected human-driven decline factors in the Ryukyu flying fox (Pteropus dasymallus) in Japan. Mammalian Biology, 80, 273–277. [doi: 10.1016/j.mambio.2015.03.003]. Retrieved 31^st December 2020, from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274404975_Near_Threatened_First_Report_of_Unsuspected_Human-Driven_Decline_Factors_in_the_Ryukyu_Flying_Fox_Pteropus_dasymallus_in_Japan
• Wu, C. C., Weng, J. R., Won, S. J. & Lin, C.N. (2005). Constituents of the pericarp of Garcinia subelliptica. Journal of Natural Products, 68(2), 1125–1127. Retrieved 6^th July 2020, from: https://pubmed-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.easyaccess2.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/16038565/
• 中国科学院植物志编辑委员会。（1959-2004）。〈菲岛福木Garcinia subelliptica Merr.〉。《中国植物志》。[网上版本]。于2020年6月4日撷取自： http://www.iplant.cn/info/Garcinia%20subelliptica?t=z
• 李先源。（2018）。《观赏植物分类学》。北京：科学出版社。国际标准书号：978-7-03-055580-9。
• 深圳市人民政府城市管理办公室、深圳市仙湖植物园、深圳市城市管理科学研究所。（1998）。《深圳园林植物》。北京：中国林业出版社。国际标准书号：978-7-5038-2149-3。
• 渔农自然护理署。（2018）。《香港市区常见树木图鉴》。第3版。香港：渔农自然护理署。国际标准书号：978-988-12021-3-0。