Swamp Mahogany

Scientific Name : Eucalyptus robusta Sm.
Common Name : Swamp Mahogany
Chinese Name : 大葉桉
Family : MYRTACEAE
Local distribution status : Exotic species

Anecdotes on plants

Origins Along the east coast of Australia.
Meanings of names The species epithet of the plant, “robusta”, means strong and sturdy, describing its thick branches and leaves. It has a tall stature, with an outlook similar to the West Indies Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.). Furthermore, it grows in swamps, giving it the English name "Swamp Mahogany".
Ecology The leaves of the Swamp Mahogany are a food source for koalas Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817). Koalas also consume the leaves of other eucalyptus, such as River Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.) and Forest Grey Gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm.). The Swamp Mahogany is also a nectar source for insects and birds, and can be used for beekeeping. The native habitat of the Swamp Mahogany consists of marsh plains, estuaries and lagoons. It grows in high viscosity or barren sandy soil, can adapt to coastal conditions. It grows rapidly with sufficient water. However, the species has high water demand and intolerant to drought, and does not grow well with insufficient water supply.
Applications The wood of the Swamp Mahogany is red with distorted wood grain. It is resistant to corrosion, but difficult to be processed, can be used as a building material. As a folk medicine, the leaves can expel pathogenic wind and relief pain.

Traits for identification

Growing habit Evergreen tree.
Height To 20 m.
Stems Bark of trunk dark brown, slightly spongy, fissured irregularly and obliquely. Branchlets ridged.
Leaves Thick leathery. Young leaves opposite, ovate. Mature leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate, sometimes oblique, lateral veins numerous and conspicuous, with glands on both surfaces.
Flowers Inflorescences stout, 4- to 8- flowered. Structure of flower specialized. Hypanthium semiglobose or obconic. Sepals and petals fused to form a conical calyptra (a cap-like covering). Calyptra approximately as long as hypanthium, apex constricted into a beak. Calyptra detach upon anthesis. Stamens many, white.
Fruits Capsule ovate-urceolate, slightly constricted in the upper half. Valves 3 to 4, deeply included in hypanthium.
Flowering period April to August in Hong Kong.
Fruiting period June to October in Hong Kong.
Remarks

Scientific name above is based on Hong Kong Herbarium website : https://www.herbarium.gov.hk/en/hk-plant-database/plant-detail/index.html?pType=species&oID=6913

Scientific names from other databases
Flora of China : Eucalyptus robusta Smith
Plants of the World Online : Eucalyptus robusta Sm.

Reference