Spider Tree

Scientific Name : Crateva unilocularis Buch.-Ham.
Common Name : Spider Tree
Chinese Name : 樹頭菜
Family : CAPPARACEAE
Local distribution status : Exotic species

Anecdotes on plants

Origins Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan and Fujian. Also distributed in other tropical regions of Asia.
Applications Given the impressive massive blossoms with vivid leaves during its flowering period from February to April, with densely arranged flowers hanging on the branchlets, Spider Trees are highly valued ornamentals and commonly used as street trees.
Recorded by Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae, in Shiping and Jianshui of Yunnan, the local people pick its young leaves and pickle them in salt as a food, hence the species were given the Chinese name “Vegetables from Heads of Tree (樹頭菜)”. Its timber can be supplied for the production of plates, musical instruments, models etc. The peel of its fruits can be used as dye.
Utilized in Traditional Chinese Medicine, its leaves and stem can clear heat, detoxify and strengthen the stomach. While its roots and bark can relieve pain, remove dampness and activate meridians.
Meanings of name The origin of the Chinese name “Vegetables from Heads of Tree (樹頭菜)” is discussed above. The English name “Spider Tree” describes many stamens on its flower, which are purplish red, slender, long and exserted from corolla, looking like there are numerous “spiders” growing out from the tree.

Traits for identification

Growing habit Deciduous tree.
Height To 15 m.
Stems Bark of trunk grey. Twigs greyish brown, often hollow, with scattered greyish white lenticels on surface.
Leaves Digitately ternate, just like people holding up three fingers when they swear. Leaflet thin leathery, ovate to elliptic, apex acute or acuminate. Lateral leaflets with unequal leaf base. Slightly shiny adaxially. Midvein reddish. Petioles with gland at apex.
Flowers This species blossoms with leaves at the same time. The basal part of inflorescences with a few compound leaves. 10 to 40 flowers per inflorescences. Petals white or creamy yellow, clawed (narrowed base of petal), petal blade ovate to oblong. Stamens many, purplish red, exserted from corolla.
Fruits Subglobose, greyish brown when mature, scabrous, with numerous circular tubercles in greyish yellow on surface. Seeds many.
Flowering period March to May in Hong Kong.
Fruiting period August to November in Hong Kong.
Remarks

Scientific name above is based on Hong Kong Herbarium website : https://www.herbarium.gov.hk/en/hk-plant-database/plant-detail/index.html?pType=species&oID=4563
Scientific names from other databases
Flora of China : Crateva unilocularis Buchanan-Hamilton ― Plants of the World Online : Crateva unilocularis Buch.-Ham.

Reference